<p>Chlamydia and gonorrhea are sexually transmitted infections (STIs), also called sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), that you can get during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. A pregnant person can also pass these STIs to their baby during birth.&nbsp;</p><h4>How do I know if I have an STI?&nbsp;</h4><p>Getting tested is the only way to know for sure if you have an STI. Most people who have an STI don’t feel sick or have any symptoms.&nbsp;</p><p>It’s also important to talk with a doctor or nurse if someone you recently had sex with has an STI.&nbsp;</p><h4>Is there a cure for chlamydia and gonorrhea?&nbsp;</h4><p>Chlamydia and gonorrhea can both be cured with the right treatment. If these STIs aren’t treated, they can cause serious health problems, like making it difficult or impossible to get pregnant.&nbsp;</p><p>If you have an STI, it’s important to get treatment right away. It’s also important to tell any sex partners you have about your STI so they can get treated, too. This can help protect others from getting an infection and protect you from getting the infection again.&nbsp;</p><p>It’s a good idea to get tested again 3 months after you finish treatment. That’s because getting chlamydia and gonorrhea again is common.</p>

The Basics: Overview

<h4>Who needs to get tested for chlamydia and&nbsp;gonorrhea?</h4><p>Women are more likely than men to have serious health problems from untreated chlamydia and gonorrhea, and the recommendations for getting tested are different for women and men:&nbsp;</p><h5>For women:</h5><ul><li>If you're age 24 years or younger and having sex, get tested once every year</li><li>If you're age 25 years or older, get tested every year if you're at higher risk for infection</li></ul><p>For example, you may be at higher risk if you have:</p><ul><li>More than 1 sex partner</li><li>A new sex partner</li><li>A sex partner with an STI</li></ul><h5>For men:</h5><ul><li>Talk with a doctor to find out if you need to get tested for&nbsp;chlamydia, gonorrhea, or other STIs</li></ul><p>If you’re transgender, or if you don’t identify as a woman or a man, talk to your doctor about your testing needs.</p><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/std/prevention/screeningreccs.htm?_label_=Learn+more+about+getting+tested+for+STIs">Learn more about getting tested for STIs</a>.&nbsp;</p><p>If you’re sexually active, it’s a good idea to have an honest talk with your doctor or nurse about your sexual activity. The information you share with them, along with STI screening recommendations, will help them figure out if you need to get tested for chlamydia, gonorrhea, or any other STIs.&nbsp;</p><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/std/prevention/screeningreccs.htm?_label_=Use+this+tool+to+find+out+which+STI+tests+you+might+need">Use this tool to find out which STI tests you might need</a>.</p><h4>What are the signs of chlamydia or gonorrhea?</h4><p>Many people who have chlamydia or gonorrhea don’t have any signs or symptoms. But symptoms for chlamydia and gonorrhea are very similar when they do happen.&nbsp;</p><p>Women with symptoms may have:</p><ul><li>Abnormal discharge (fluid) from the vagina</li><li>Pain or burning when they urinate (pee)</li><li>Bleeding between periods</li></ul><p>Men with symptoms may have:</p><ul><li>Abnormal discharge from the penis</li><li>Burning when they urinate</li><li>Painful or swollen testicles (though this symptom is less common)</li></ul><p>People can also have an infection in their rectum (the part of the body that connects the colon to the anus). This doesn’t always cause symptoms. But when symptoms do happen, they can include:</p><ul><li>Discharge or bleeding from the anus</li><li>Itching or soreness around the anus</li><li>Painful bowel movements (pain when pooping)</li></ul><p>See a doctor or nurse if you or your partner notice any of these symptoms.</p>

The Basics: Who Needs Testing?

<h4>How do doctors test for chlamydia and gonorrhea?</h4><p>A doctor or nurse can test your urine for both chlamydia and gonorrhea. Sometimes, the doctor might take&nbsp;a sample from the vagina, penis, rectum, or throat instead.&nbsp;The test is easy and painless.</p><p><span>Learn more about chlamydia:</span></p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/http/www.cdc.gov/std/chlamydia/STDFact-Chlamydia.htm?_label_=%3Cspan%3EChlamydia+facts%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Chlamydia facts</span></a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/chlamydia?_label_=%3Cspan%3EWomen+and+chlamydia%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Women and chlamydia</span></a></li></ul><p><span>Learn more about gonorrhea:</span></p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/http/www.cdc.gov/std/Gonorrhea/STDFact-gonorrhea.htm?_label_=%3Cspan%3EGonorrhea+facts%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Gonorrhea facts</span></a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/gonorrhea?_label_=%3Cspan%3EWomen+and+gonorrhea%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Women and gonorrhea</span></a></li></ul>

The Basics: What to Expect

<p>Get tested for chlamydia and gonorrhea if you're at risk, if you or a partner has any STI symptoms, or if your partner has an STI. Talk with any sex partners you have about getting tested, too.</p><h4>Make an appointment at a health center or clinic.</h4><p>If you think you may be at risk, talk with your doctor about getting tested for chlamydia and gonorrhea.&nbsp;<a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/hiv-other-stds/hiv-testing-questions-doctor?_label_=Be+sure+to+ask+about+getting+tested+for+HIV%2C+too" id="anch_45">Be sure to ask about getting tested for HIV, too</a>.</p><p>To find an STI clinic near you:</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/http/gettested.cdc.gov/?_label_=Enter+your+ZIP+code+to+find+a+local+testing+site" id="anch_46">Enter your ZIP code to find a local testing site</a></li><li>Call 800-CDC-INFO (800-232-4636)</li></ul><h5>What about cost?</h5><p>Under the Affordable Care Act, insurance plans must cover some STI testing and prevention counseling. Depending on your insurance plan, you may be able to get these services at no cost to you. Talk to your insurance company to find out more.</p><p><span>Medicare may also cover some STI testing and counseling at no cost for people who are at risk. </span><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.medicare.gov/coverage/sexually-transmitted-infection-screenings-counseling?_label_=%3Cspan%3ELearn+about+Medicare+coverage+for+STI+testing+and+counseling%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Learn about Medicare coverage for STI testing and counseling</span></a><span>.</span></p><p><span>If you don’t have insurance, you may still be able to get free or low-cost STI testing. </span><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/gettested.cdc.gov/?_label_=%3Cspan%3EUse+this+resource+to+find+free+testing+near+you%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Use this resource to find free testing near you</span></a><span>.</span></p><p><span>To learn more, check out these resources about:</span></p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthcare.gov/coverage/preventive-care-benefits/?_label_=%3Cspan%3EFree+preventive+care%26nbsp%3Bcovered+by+the+Affordable+Care+Act%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Free preventive care&nbsp;covered by the Affordable Care Act</span></a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthcare.gov/health-care-law-protections/?_label_=%3Cspan%3EHow+the+Affordable+Care+Act+protects+you%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>How the Affordable Care Act protects you</span></a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/marketplace.cms.gov/technical-assistance-resources/c2c-roadmap.pdf?_label_=%3Cspan%3EUnderstanding+your+health+insurance+and+how+to+use+it+%5BPDF+-+698%26nbsp%3BKB%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Understanding your health insurance and how to use it [PDF - 698&nbsp;KB]</span></a></li></ul>

Take Action: Get Tested

<h4>Stay safe.</h4><p>The most reliable way to protect yourself from STIs is to not have vaginal, anal, or oral sex. Wait to have sex until you and any sex partners have tested negative for STIs.</p><p>Here are some other ways to protect yourself from STIs:</p><ul><li><span>Use a condom the right way every time you have vaginal, anal, or oral sex, &nbsp;and leave it on from start to finish</span></li><li><span>Make sure you and any sex partners have been tested for STIs</span></li><li><span>If you know that you or a sex partner has an STI, get treated before having sex</span></li></ul><p>Use these resources to:&nbsp;</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/condomeffectiveness/index.html?_label_=%3Cspan%3ELearn+how+to+use+a+condom+the+right+way%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Learn how to use a condom the right way</span></a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/everyday-healthy-living/mental-health-relationships/std-testing?_label_=Get+tips+on+talking+with+your+partner+about+STI+testing" id="anch_52">Get tips on talking with your partner about STI testing</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/std/prevention/NextSteps-GonorrheaOrChlamydia.htm?_label_=Learn+what+to+do+if+you+test+positive+for+gonorrhea+or+chlamydia%26nbsp%3B" id="anch_52">Learn what to do if you test positive for gonorrhea or chlamydia&nbsp;</a><a id="anch_52"> &nbsp;&nbsp;</a></li></ul><h4>If you're pregnant, talk with your doctor about STI testing.</h4><p>Having chlamydia, gonorrhea, or another STI while you're pregnant can be very dangerous for you and your baby.&nbsp;<a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/http/www.cdc.gov/std/pregnancy/STDFact-Pregnancy.htm?_label_=Find+out+more+about+STIs+and+pregnancy" id="anch_53">Find out more about STIs and pregnancy</a>.</p>

Take Action: Protect Yourself

Get Tested for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea

<p>Birth control (also called contraception) can help you prevent pregnancy when you don’t want to have a baby. Condoms are a type of birth control that can also help protect you and your sex partner from sexually transmitted infections (STIs), also called sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).</p><h4>How do I choose the right birth control?</h4><p>There isn’t 1 method of birth control that’s right for everyone. Each type of birth control has pros and cons.</p><p>Here are some things to think about when choosing a birth control method:</p><ul><li>Do you want to have children someday? How soon?</li><li>Do you have any health conditions?</li><li>How often do you have sex?</li><li>Do you also need protection from HIV and other STIs?</li><li>How well does the birth control method work?</li><li>Are there any side effects?</li><li>Will you be able to use it correctly every time?</li></ul><p>You may also want to think about:</p><ul><li>How much a birth control method costs — and if your insurance will cover it</li><li>Whether you need to see a doctor or go to a pharmacy to get the birth control — and how often you’ll have to go</li></ul><h4>How does birth control work?</h4><p>It depends on the type of birth control you choose. Different methods of birth control work in different ways. And some methods are better at preventing pregnancy than others.&nbsp;</p><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/birth-control-methods?_label_=Learn+more+about+the+effectiveness+of+different+birth+control+methods">Learn more about the effectiveness of different birth control methods</a>.</p>

<h4>IUDs (intrauterine devices)</h4><p>An IUD is a small, T-shaped piece of plastic with copper or a hormone that a doctor places inside the uterus.</p><p>There are 2 kinds:</p><ul><li>Copper IUDs release&nbsp;a small amount of copper&nbsp;to prevent sperm from fertilizing an egg. They&nbsp;can last for up to 10&nbsp;years.</li><li>Hormonal IUDs release a small amount of a hormone called levonorgestrel to prevent pregnancy. There are 4 different types of hormonal IUDs. Hormonal IUDs last from 3 to 8 years, depending on the type.</li></ul><p>IUDs are&nbsp;very effective at preventing pregnancy. You don't feel the IUD when it’s in place <span>—&nbsp;</span>and there's nothing to do or remember once it's there.</p><p>IUDs don't protect you or your sex partner from STIs. But you can use a condom with your IUD to help protect against STIs.</p><p>If you have an IUD and you want to get pregnant, a doctor can easily remove it.&nbsp;<a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.fda.gov/consumers/free-publications-women/birth-control?_hash_=LARC&_label_=Read+more+about+IUDs" id="anch_44">Read more about IUDs</a>.</p><h4>Hormonal methods</h4><p>Most hormonal methods of birth control work by preventing the ovaries from releasing an egg each month. They also cause other changes that make it less likely that you'll get pregnant.</p><p>In addition to hormonal IUDs, hormonal methods include:</p><ul><li>Implant (a small rod put under the skin) — can last up to 3 years</li><li>Shot — given by a doctor or nurse every 3 months</li><li>Patch — worn on the skin and replaced once a week, with 1 week off every month</li><li>Ring — put in the vagina and replaced once a month</li><li>Birth control pills — taken every day</li></ul><p>These methods don't protect you or your sex partner from STIs. But you can use condoms to help protect against STIs while using hormonal birth control.&nbsp;</p><p>Keep in mind that some hormonal methods take more effort to use, and this can make it harder to use them correctly. For example, you have to remember to take birth control pills every day — but once an implant is in place, it lasts for up to 3 years.</p><p>If you're interested in a hormonal method of birth control, talk with your doctor or nurse about which kind is best for you.&nbsp;<a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ByAudience/ForWomen/FreePublications/ucm313215.htm?_hash_=ShortActingHormonalMethods&_label_=Read+more+about+hormonal+birth+control+options" id="anch_47">Read more about hormonal birth control options</a>.</p><h4>Barrier methods</h4><p>Barrier methods work by preventing the sperm from getting to the egg. Common barrier methods include:</p><ul><li>External (male) condoms (worn on the penis)</li><li>Internal (female) condoms (placed inside the vagina)</li><li>Birth control diaphragm (placed inside the vagina)</li><li>Birth control cervical cap (placed inside the vagina)</li><li>Birth control sponge (placed inside the vagina)</li><li>Spermicide (a gel that stops sperm from reaching the egg), which can be used alone or with an external condom, diaphragm, or cervical cap</li></ul><p>External condoms are also very effective at preventing HIV and reducing the risk of other STIs when you use them correctly every time you have sex.&nbsp;<a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/condomeffectiveness/brief.html?_hash_=Condom&_label_=Get+tips+on+how+to+use+a+condom+correctly">Get tips on how to use a condom correctly</a>.</p><p>Internal condoms may help prevent HIV and other STIs. Diaphragms, cervical caps, and sponges don't protect against&nbsp;STIs.</p><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ByAudience/ForWomen/FreePublications/ucm313215.htm?_hash_=BarrierMethods&_label_=Read+more+about+barrier+methods" id="anch_50">Read more about barrier methods</a>.</p><h4>Fertility awareness-based methods</h4><p>Using fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) is sometimes called natural family planning. With FABMs, you learn which days pregnancy is more likely to happen. If you want to prevent pregnancy, you don’t have sex on those days — or you use another method of birth control.</p><p>FABMs work best if you have regular periods. It's important to know that FABMs are not usually as effective at preventing pregnancy as other forms of birth control, like IUDs or hormonal methods.</p><p>You can also use FABMs when you’re trying to get pregnant. <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/opa.hhs.gov/reproductive-health/understanding-fertility-basics?_label_=Read+more+about+fertility+awareness-based+methods">Read more about fertility awareness-based methods</a>.</p><h4>Emergency contraception</h4><p>Sometimes you may forget to use birth control — for example, you could&nbsp;miss a pill or shot. And sometimes&nbsp;birth control methods can fail,&nbsp;like if a&nbsp;condom breaks.</p><p>There are 2 options for emergency contraception:</p><ul><li>Copper IUD —&nbsp;A doctor will need to place the IUD inside your uterus within 5 days of unprotected sex.</li><li>Emergency contraception pills (ECPs — sometimes called the morning-after pill) — You'll need to take ECPs as soon as possible within 5 days of unprotected sex. The sooner you take them, the more effective they are. You can buy some ECPs at a drugstore without a prescription. To get other ECPs, you need a prescription from a doctor.</li></ul><p>Taking ECPs won’t harm a pregnancy if you're already pregnant. ECPs won't protect you from STIs, so consider getting tested for STIs if you didn't use a condom — or if the condom broke.</p><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/emergency-contraception?_label_=Read+more+about+emergency+contraception+pills" id="anch_56">Read more about emergency contraception pills</a>.</p><h4>Permanent birth control (sterilization)</h4><p>Sterilization is a permanent method of birth control. This is an option for people who are completely sure they don’t ever want to get pregnant or cause a pregnancy. There are different types of permanent birth control procedures:</p><ul><li>Vasectomy: This means cutting or blocking the tubes that carry sperm to the outside of the penis.</li><li>Tubal ligation: This means cutting or blocking the tubes that carry eggs into the uterus.&nbsp;</li></ul><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.fda.gov/consumers/free-publications-women/birth-control?_hash_=PermanentMethods&_label_=Read+more+about+permanent+birth+control+%28sterilization%29">Read more about permanent birth control (sterilization)</a>.</p>

The Basics: Types of Birth Control

<h4>What types of birth control help prevent STIs?</h4><p>Abstinence (not having vaginal, anal, or oral sex) is the only sure way to prevent STIs. Using an external condom correctly every time you have sex is a very effective way to prevent many STIs, including HIV. Female condoms may also lower the risk of some STIs.</p><p>Birth control pills, IUDs, and other hormonal methods don’t prevent STIs. If you choose one of these types of birth control, it won't protect you or your sex partner&nbsp;from HIV and other STIs — so you may also&nbsp;want to use condoms for protection.</p>

The Basics: STI Prevention

<h4>Do I need to see a doctor to get birth control?</h4><p>It depends on which birth control method you choose. You can buy some birth control methods at a store without a prescription. For other methods, you'll need to see a doctor.</p><h5>Birth control methods you can get without a prescription include:</h5><ul><li>Condoms</li><li>Some ECPs</li><li>Birth control sponge</li></ul><h5>Birth control methods you can get only from a doctor, nurse, or pharmacist include:</h5><ul><li>Birth control pills</li><li>Patch</li><li>Diaphragm and cervical cap</li><li>Shot</li><li>Ring&nbsp;</li></ul><h5>You need a medical procedure for:</h5><ul><li>Permanent birth control</li><li>IUD</li><li>Implant&nbsp;</li></ul><p>Check out these resources to learn more about the different types of birth control:</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ByAudience/ForWomen/FreePublications/ucm313215.htm?_label_=Birth+Control" id="anch_65">Birth Control</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/contraception/index.htm?_label_=Reproductive+Health+%E2%80%94+Contraception">Reproductive Health — Contraception</a></li></ul>

The Basics: How to Get It

<p>Follow these steps to choose the right birth control for you.</p><h4>Talk to a nurse, doctor, or family planning educator.</h4><p>Ask about the types of birth control that are available to you. There are many things to consider, including:</p><ul><li>Your overall health</li><li>Whether you want to have children in the future</li><li>How well the birth control works</li><li>What side effects the birth control may cause</li></ul><h5>What about cost?</h5><p>Under the Affordable Care Act, most insurance plans must cover birth control at no cost to you. Most plans must also cover birth control education and counseling. Check with your insurance company to learn more.</p><p>Medicaid also covers the cost of birth control. If you have Medicaid, <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.medicaid.gov/about-us/contact-us/contact-your-state-questions/index.html?_label_=check+with+your+state%E2%80%99s+Medicaid+program+to+learn+more">check with your state’s Medicaid program to learn more</a>.</p><p>To learn more, check out these resources about:</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthcare.gov/coverage/birth-control-benefits/?_label_=Birth+control+benefits+under+the+Affordable+Care+Act">Birth control benefits under the Affordable Care Act</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthcare.gov/preventive-care-women/?_label_=Preventive+care+for+women+covered+by+the+Affordable+Care+Act">Preventive care for women covered by the Affordable Care Act</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthcare.gov/health-care-law-protections/?_label_=How+the+Affordable+Care+Act+protects+you">How the Affordable Care Act protects you</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/marketplace.cms.gov/technical-assistance-resources/c2c-roadmap.pdf?_label_=Understanding+your+health+insurance+and+how+to+use+it+%5BPDF+-+698+KB%5D">Understanding your health insurance and how to use it [PDF - 698 KB]</a></li></ul><h5>Find free or low-cost services near you.</h5><p>If you don’t have insurance that covers birth control, you may be able to get free or low-cost birth control through a family planning clinic or community health center.</p><p>Family planning clinics provide education, counseling, and medical&nbsp;services. No one is turned away for not being able to&nbsp;pay.</p><p>Use these resources to find a clinic near you:&nbsp;</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/findahealthcenter.hrsa.gov/?_label_=Find+a+local+health+center">Find a local health center</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/opa-fpclinicdb.hhs.gov/?_label_=Find+a+family+planning+clinic">Find a family planning clinic</a></li></ul>

Take Action: Get Help

<h4>Talk to your sex partner.</h4><p>It's a good idea to have a conversation with your partner to make sure that both of you are comfortable with the birth control method you&nbsp;choose. Be sure to talk about getting tested for STIs and how you can stay safe.</p><h4>Make sure you understand the instructions.</h4><p>Be sure you understand what you need to do to prevent an unplanned pregnancy or protect yourself from STIs. And check that your partner understands, too — when you both know how a birth control method works, it’s easier to use it correctly. If you have questions, talk to a doctor or pharmacist.</p><h4>Have a backup plan.</h4><p>It's important to know what to do if you forget to use birth control or if your birth control method fails. For example, you may want to buy ECPs&nbsp;in advance. That way, you'll have them if you need them.</p>

Take Action: Talk About It

<h4>Get tested for STIs.</h4><p>Most people who have an STI don’t have any symptoms. Getting tested is the only way to know for sure if you have one.</p><p>Have an honest conversation with your doctor or nurse about your sexual activity and ask if you need to get tested for STIs.</p><p>To find a place to get tested:</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/gettested.cdc.gov/?_label_=Enter+your+ZIP+code+to+find+an+STI+clinic" id="anch_77">Enter your ZIP code to find an STI clinic</a></li><li>Call 800-CDC-INFO (800-232-4636)</li></ul><p>It's also important to talk with your partner about getting tested.&nbsp;<a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/everyday-healthy-living/mental-health-relationships/std-testing?_label_=Use+these+tips+to+start+the+conversation" id="anch_78">Use these tips to start the conversation</a>.</p><h4>Get tested for HIV.</h4><p>Remember, getting tested for HIV is the only way to know for sure if you have it.</p><p>You can get tested at a doctor’s office or health center. To find an HIV testing center:</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/gettested.cdc.gov?_label_=Use+this+testing+center+locator" id="anch_79">Use this testing center locator</a></li><li>Call 800-CDC-INFO (800-232-4636)</li></ul><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/hiv-other-stds/get-tested-hiv?_label_=Learn+more+about+HIV+testing">Learn more about HIV testing</a>. You can also&nbsp;<a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/hiv-other-stds/hiv-testing-questions-doctor?_label_=take+this+list+of+questions+about+HIV+testing">take this list of questions about HIV testing</a>&nbsp;with you to your next doctor's appointment.</p>

Take Action: STI Testing

Choose the Right Birth Control

<p>If you were assigned female at birth, getting a well-woman visit every year is an important way to help you stay healthy. These appointments are called well-woman visits because they’re not related to illness or injury, and they’re usually done by an obstetrician or gynecologist (often called Ob/Gyn), midwife, nurse practitioner, or another health care professional who has special training in providing care for women.&nbsp;</p><p>Well-woman visits focus on preventive care, which may include:&nbsp;</p><ul><li>A physical exam&nbsp;</li><li>Services, like vaccines (shots), that improve your health by preventing diseases and other health problems</li><li>Screening tests, which are medical tests to check for diseases early when they may be easier to treat</li><li>Education and counseling to help you make informed health decisions</li></ul><h4>What happens during a well-woman visit?</h4><p>Your well-woman visit is a chance to focus on your overall health and wellness. There are 3 main goals for the visit:</p><ul><li>Documenting your health habits and history</li><li>Getting a physical exam</li><li>Setting health goals</li></ul>

<h4>Health habits and history</h4><p>Before your physical exam, the doctor or nurse will ask you to answer some questions about your overall health. These questions may cover topics like your:</p><ul><li>Medical history and family health history</li><li>Mental health history, like if you have or had depression</li><li>Sexual activity and sexual partners</li><li>Eating and physical activity habits</li><li>Use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs</li><li>Use of any medicines, vitamins, minerals, or herbs</li><li>Home life and relationships</li></ul><h4>Physical exam</h4><p>If you're comfortable with it, the doctor or nurse will examine your body, which may include:</p><ul><li>Measuring your height and weight</li><li>Calculating your body mass index (BMI) to see if you're at a healthy&nbsp;weight</li><li>Checking your blood pressure</li><li>Taking your temperature</li><li>Doing a clinical breast exam (feeling your breasts and under your arms for lumps or other changes)</li><li>Doing a pelvic exam (looking at and inside your vagina and feeling around your pelvis)</li></ul><p>If you’re not comfortable being alone with the doctor or nurse during the physical exam, ask to have another health professional from the practice (like another nurse) in the room, too.</p><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/pelvic-exam/about/pac-20385135?_label_=Learn+more+about+what+to+expect+during+a+pelvic+exam">Learn more about what to expect during a pelvic exam</a>.</p><h4>Health goals</h4><p>You and the doctor or nurse will talk about&nbsp;next steps for helping you stay healthy. Together, you can decide which screenings or follow-up services are right for you.</p><p>If you have health goals, like losing weight or quitting smoking, you and your doctor or nurse can also make a plan to help you meet these goals.</p>

<p>Take these steps to get the most out of your well-woman visit.</p><h4>Know your family health history.</h4><p>Your family's health history is an important part of your personal health record.&nbsp;<a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/cbiit.github.io/FHH/html/index.html?_label_=Use+this+family+health+history+tool" id="anch_39">Use this family health history tool</a>&nbsp;to keep track of conditions that run in your family.</p><p>Be prepared to tell your doctor or nurse this information during your well-woman visit. Don't forget to share any new health problems in your family since your last visit.</p><h4>Make a list of questions for your doctor.</h4><p>This visit is a great time to ask the doctor or nurse any questions about:</p><ul><li>Birth control options</li><li>Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), also called sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)</li><li>Preparing to get pregnant</li><li>Menopause</li><li>Signs of an unhealthy relationship</li><li>Anxiety, depression, or other mental health issues</li><li>Eating healthy&nbsp;or being more active</li></ul><p>Some important questions include:</p><ul><li>Do I need any important vaccines?</li><li>How can I protect myself from HIV and other STIs?</li><li>Which form of birth control is right for me?</li><li>How do I know if my relationship is healthy and safe?</li><li>Where can I get help for a mental health issue?</li><li>What changes can I make to eat healthier?</li><li>How can I be more physically active?</li></ul><p>Take a notepad or smartphone and write down the answers so you remember them later.</p><p>To learn more about these topics, check out these resources:</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/health.gov/myhealthfinder/topics/everyday-healthy-living/sexual-health/choose-right-birth-control?_label_=Choose+the+Right+Birth+Control">Choose the Right Birth Control</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/health.gov/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/diabetes/eat-healthy?_label_=Eat+Healthy">Eat Healthy</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/health.gov/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/diabetes/get-active?_label_=Get+Active">Get Active</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/health.gov/myhealthfinder/topics/doctor-visits/shots-vaccines/get-shots-protect-your-health-adults-ages-19-49?_label_=Get+Vaccines+to+Protect+Your+Health">Get Vaccines to Protect Your Health</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/pregnancy/doctor-and-midwife-visits/have-healthy-pregnancy?_label_=Have+a+Healthy+Pregnancy">Have a Healthy Pregnancy</a></li></ul>

Take Action: Get Ready

<h4>Talk with your doctor or nurse about which screenings you need.</h4><p>Getting screening tests is one of the most important things you can do for your health. <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/health.gov/myhealthfinder/topics/doctor-visits/screening-tests/get-screened?_label_=Learn+more+about+getting+screened">Learn more about getting screened</a>.</p><p>At your well-woman visit, the doctor or nurse may recommend screening you for:</p><ul><li>Certain types of cancer, like breast cancer or cervical cancer</li><li>HPV (human papillomavirus, which can lead to&nbsp;cervical cancer)</li><li>HIV&nbsp;and other&nbsp;sexually transmitted infections (STIs)</li><li>High blood pressure&nbsp;and&nbsp;cholesterol</li><li>Diabetes</li><li>Osteoporosis (weak bones)</li></ul><p>In addition to screenings, the doctor may sometimes recommend counseling for:</p><ul><li>Depression</li><li>Relationship violence</li></ul><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/doctor-visits/screening-tests?_label_=Get+information+about+different+screening+tests">Get information about different screening tests</a>, like mammograms to check for breast cancer. You can also <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder?_label_=use+the+MyHealthfinder+tool">use the MyHealthfinder tool</a> to find out which screening tests you may need.</p><h5>What about cost?</h5><p>Under the Affordable Care Act, insurance plans must cover at least 1 well-woman visit a year at no cost to you. Plans must also cover some screenings and types of counseling. Check with your insurance company to find out more.</p><p>Medicare may also cover some screenings and treatments for women. <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.medicare.gov/coverage?_label_=Use+this+tool+to+see+what+Medicare+covers">Use this tool to see what Medicare covers</a>.</p><p>If you don’t have insurance, you may still be able to get a free or low-cost well-woman visit. <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/findahealthcenter.hrsa.gov/?_label_=Find+a+health+center+near+you">Find a health center near you</a> and ask about scheduling an exam.</p><p>To learn more, check out these resources:</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthcare.gov/preventive-care-women/?_label_=Free+preventive+care+for+women+covered+by+the+Affordable+Care+Act">Free preventive care for women covered by the Affordable Care Act</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthcare.gov/health-care-law-protections/?_label_=How+the+Affordable+Care+Act+protects+you">How the Affordable Care Act protects you</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cms.gov/files/document/roadmap-better-care-english.pdf-0?_label_=Understanding+your+health+insurance+and+how+to+use+it+%5BPDF+%E2%80%93+1.9+MB%5D">Understanding your health insurance and how to use it [PDF – 1.9 MB]</a></li></ul>

Take Action: Ask About Screenings

<h4>Follow up with the doctor or nurse after your visit.</h4><p>During your well-woman visit, the doctor or nurse may recommend that you see a specialist or get certain screenings. Try to schedule these follow-up appointments before you leave the doctor’s office.</p><p>If that’s not possible, make a note on your calendar to schedule your follow-up appointments. You can ask the doctor's office to write down the phone number and address for you.</p><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/doctor-visits/talking-doctor/take-charge-your-health-care?_label_=Get+more+tips+on+playing+an+active+role+in+your+health+care" id="anch_58">Get more tips on playing an active role in your health care</a>.</p><h4>Take steps to stay healthy all year.</h4><p>There are things you can do every day to stay healthy. Find tips on:</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/diabetes/get-active?_label_=Getting+more+physical+activity" id="anch_59">Getting more physical activity</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/diabetes/eat-healthy?_label_=Eating+healthy" id="anch_60">Eating healthy</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/heart-health/manage-stress?_label_=Managing+stress" id="anch_61">Managing stress</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/diabetes/quit-smoking?_label_=Quitting+smoking" id="anch_62">Quitting smoking</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/diabetes/watch-your-weight?_label_=Getting+to+a+healthy+weight" id="anch_63">Getting to a healthy weight</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/everyday-healthy-living/mental-health-relationships/get-enough-sleep?_label_=Getting+enough+sleep" id="anch_64">Getting enough sleep</a></li></ul>

Take Action: Follow Up

Get Your Well-Woman Visit Every Year

<p><span>Compared to women, men are more likely to:</span></p><ul><li><span>Smoke</span></li><li><span>Drink too much alcohol</span></li><li><span>Make unhealthy or risky choices</span></li><li><span>Put off regular checkups and medical care</span></li></ul><p><span>The good news is that you can start taking steps to improve your health today!</span></p><h4>How can I take charge of my health?</h4><p><span>See a doctor for regular checkups even if you feel healthy. That's important because some diseases and health conditions don’t have symptoms at first. Plus, seeing a doctor will give you a chance to learn more about your health.</span></p><p><span>Here are some other things you can do to take care of your health:</span></p><ul><li><span>Eat healthy and get active</span></li><li><span>If you drink alcohol, drink only in moderation</span></li><li><span>Quit smoking</span></li><li><span>Know your family’s health history</span></li><li><span>Get screenings (tests )to check for health problems before you have symptoms</span></li><li><span>Make sure you’re up to date on your vaccines (shots)</span></li></ul>

<p><span>Use these tips to take charge of your health.</span></p><h4>Eat healthy and get active.</h4><p><span>Remember, it’s never too late to start healthier habits. A healthy eating routine and regular physical activity can help control&nbsp;your:</span></p><ul><li><span>Blood pressure</span></li><li><span>Blood sugar</span></li><li><span>Cholesterol</span></li><li><span>Weight</span></li></ul><p><span>By keeping these numbers in a healthy range, you can lower your risk of serious health problems like type 2 diabetes and heart disease.</span></p><p><span>Find out how you can:</span></p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/health.gov/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/diabetes/eat-healthy?_label_=%3Cspan%3EEat+healthy%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Eat healthy</span></a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/health.gov/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/diabetes/get-active?_label_=%3Cspan%3EGet+active%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Get active</span></a></li></ul><p><span>In addition:</span></p><ul><li><span>If you drink alcohol,&nbsp;</span><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/health.gov/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/heart-health/drink-alcohol-only-moderation?_label_=%3Cspan%3Edrink+only+in+moderation%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>drink only in moderation</span></a></li><li><span>If you smoke,&nbsp;</span><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/health.gov/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/diabetes/quit-smoking?_label_=%3Cspan%3Emake+a+plan+to+quit%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>make a plan to quit</span></a></li></ul><h4>Make small changes every day.</h4><p><span>Small changes can add up to big results — like lowering your risk of type 2 diabetes or heart disease. Here are some examples of small changes you can make:</span></p><ul><li><span>Take the stairs instead of an elevator or escalator</span></li><li><span>Try a salad or mixed vegetables as a side instead of fries</span></li><li><span>Drink water or unsweetened iced tea instead of soda or other sugary drinks</span></li></ul><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/health.gov/myhealthfinder/topics/everyday-healthy-living?_label_=%3Cspan%3EGet+more+ideas+for+small+changes+you+can+make+to+stay+healthy%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Get more ideas for small changes you can make to stay healthy</span></a><span>.</span></p>

Take Action: Healthy Habits

<h4>Know your family history.</h4><p><span>Be sure to talk to family members to find out which diseases run in your family.</span></p><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/cbiit.github.io/FHH/html/index.html?_label_=%3Cspan%3EUse+this+family+health+history+tool%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Use this family health history tool</span></a><span>&nbsp;to keep track of health problems that run in your family. Then share this information with your doctor.</span></p><h4><span>Talk to your friends.</span></h4><p><span>Try asking friends what they like to do to stay healthy. You could even try getting active with friends, like by taking a hike or playing pickup basketball.</span></p>

Take Action: Talk About Your Health

<h4>Get preventive care to stay healthy.</h4><p><span>Many people think of the doctor as someone to see when they’re sick. But doctors also provide services — like screenings and vaccines — that help keep you from getting sick in the first place.</span></p><h4>Get screenings to find problems early.</h4><p><span>Screenings are medical tests that doctors use to check for diseases and health conditions before there are any signs or symptoms. Screenings help find problems early, when they may be easier to treat.</span></p><p><span>Depending on your age and medical history, you may need to get screened for things like:</span></p><ul><li><span>Certain types of cancer</span></li><li><span>High blood pressure or high cholesterol</span></li><li><span>Diabetes</span></li><li><span>STIs (sexually transmitted infections), also called STDs (sexually transmitted diseases)</span></li><li><span>Mental health conditions, like depression</span></li></ul><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/health.gov/myhealthfinder/topics/doctor-visits/screening-tests/get-screened?_label_=%3Cspan%3ELearn+more+about+getting+screened%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Learn more about getting screened</span></a><span>.</span></p><h4>Stay up to date on your vaccines.</h4><p><span>Everyone needs vaccines to stay healthy. Ask your doctor or nurse which vaccines you need to stay healthy — then make sure you stay up to date. For example, everyone age 6 months and older needs a seasonal flu vaccine every year.</span></p><p><span>Find out which vaccines you may need if you’re:</span></p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/health.gov/myhealthfinder/topics/doctor-visits/shots-vaccines/get-shots-protect-your-health-adults-ages-19-49?_label_=%3Cspan%3EAges+19+to+49%3C%2Fspan%3E+years"><span>Ages 19 to 49</span> years</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/health.gov/myhealthfinder/topic/doctor-visits/shots-vaccines/get-shots-to-protect-your-health-adults-age-50-or-older?_label_=%3Cspan%3EAge+50+years+or+older%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Age 50 years or older</span></a></li></ul><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/health.gov/myhealthfinder/?_label_=%3Cspan%3EUse+the+MyHealthfinder+tool%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Use the MyHealthfinder tool</span></a><span>&nbsp;to get personalized recommendations for screening tests and vaccines.</span></p>

Take Action: Get Preventive Care

<p>You have the right to get the care you need to be as healthy as possible — your race or ethnicity, sexual identity, or other factors should not affect this. But sometimes bias in the health care system can affect the types of treatment and care people get.</p><p>Follow these tips to help make sure you get the right care:</p><ul><li>Ask as many questions as you need to during your appointment — and ask the doctor or nurse to repeat information if you missed something. Consider writing down your 2 to 3 most important questions before your appointment and asking those first.&nbsp;</li><li>If you’re not comfortable speaking with the doctor or nurse in English, ask for translation services.</li><li>Keep in mind that you can ask another doctor for a second opinion if you’re not sure about the care you’re getting. You may need to check with your insurance company to see if your plan will cover a visit to another doctor.</li><li>Ask a friend or family member to come with you to appointments — they can offer support, take notes, or help you ask questions.</li></ul>

Take Action: Help Make Sure You Get the Care You Need

<h4>What about cost?</h4><p><span>Under the&nbsp;Affordable Care Act,&nbsp;insurance plans must cover many preventive services. Depending on your insurance plan, you may be able to get services like screenings and vaccines at no cost to you. Check with your insurance company to find out more.</span></p><p><span>Medicare also covers certain health services at no cost. </span><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.medicare.gov/coverage?_label_=%3Cspan%3EUse+this+tool+to+see+what+Medicare+covers%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Use this tool to see what Medicare covers</span></a><span>.</span></p><p><span>If you don’t have insurance, you may still be able to get free or low-cost health services. To learn more, </span><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/findahealthcenter.hrsa.gov/?_label_=%3Cspan%3Efind+a+health+center+near+you%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>find a health center near you</span></a><span>.</span></p><p><span>You can also check out these resources:</span></p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthcare.gov/coverage/preventive-care-benefits/?_label_=%3Cspan%3EFree+preventive+care+covered+by+the+Affordable+Care+Act%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Free preventive care covered by the Affordable Care Act</span></a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthcare.gov/health-care-law-protections/?_label_=%3Cspan%3EHow+the+Affordable+Care+Act+protects+you%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>How the Affordable Care Act protects you</span></a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/marketplace.cms.gov/technical-assistance-resources/c2c-roadmap.pdf?_label_=%3Cspan%3EUnderstanding+your+health+insurance+and+how+to+use+it+%5BPDF+-+698+KB%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Understanding your health insurance and how to use it [PDF - 698 KB]</span></a></li></ul>

Take Action: Cost and Insurance

Men: Take Charge of Your Health

<p>Talking honestly and openly with your kids about sex and relationships is important — and it's never too early to start. Your support can help them make healthy choices and avoid risks as they grow up.</p><p>It may be hard to know where to start, especially if your parents didn’t talk to you about relationships and sex when you were growing up. The following tips and strategies can help.</p><h4>What do I say?</h4><p>Kids have different questions and concerns about sex at different ages. As your children get&nbsp;older, the things you talk about will change. Remember to:</p><ul><li>Talk early and often — you don’t have to fit everything into 1&nbsp;conversation!</li><li>Be ready to answer questions — children’s questions can tell you a lot about what they already know</li><li>Listen carefully to your kids' opinions, even if you don’t agree</li><li>Try using things that come up on TV, in music, or on social media to start a conversation</li><li>Be honest about how you're feeling — for example, if you're embarrassed or uncomfortable, it’s okay to say so</li></ul><h4>Will talking to my kids really make a difference?</h4><p>Parents are the most important influence on a young person's decisions about relationships and sex —&nbsp;even more important than friends, siblings, or the media. Most young people say that it would be easier to make decisions about sex if they could talk openly and honestly with their parents.</p><p>Young people who talk with their parents about sex are more likely to put off having sex until they're older. They're also more likely to make healthy choices, like using condoms to prevent STIs (sexually transmitted infections) and pregnancy, if they do choose to have sex. STIs are also called STDs (sexually transmitted diseases).&nbsp;</p>

The Basics: Overview 

<h4>When is the right time to start talking?</h4><p>It’s never too early to start talking to children about their bodies. Be sure to use the medical names for all body parts and explain what they do. These resources can help:</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/http/kidshealth.org/en/parents/female-reproductive-system.html?_label_=Reproductive+systems+with+a+vagina%2C+uterus%2C+and+ovaries">Reproductive systems with a vagina, uterus, and ovaries</a> (often called female reproductive systems)</li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/http/kidshealth.org/en/parents/male-reproductive.html?_label_=Reproductive+systems+with+a+penis+and+testicles">Reproductive systems with a penis and testicles</a>&nbsp;(often called male reproductive systems)</li></ul><h4>What do I tell my kids about puberty?</h4><p>Puberty is when your child's body starts to develop and change into an adult&nbsp;body. Puberty is different for each child.</p><ul><li>For girls, puberty usually starts between ages 8&nbsp;and 15 years.&nbsp;<a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000651.htm?_label_=Get+more+information+about%26nbsp%3Bwhat+puberty+is+like+for+girls">Get more information about&nbsp;what puberty is like for girls</a>.</li><li>For boys, it usually begins between ages 9&nbsp;and 16 years.&nbsp;<a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000650.htm?_label_=Get+more+information+about%26nbsp%3Bwhat+puberty+is+like+for+boys">Get more information about&nbsp;what puberty is like for boys</a>.</li></ul><p>Puberty can be a confusing and overwhelming time for many young people. You can help your kids by:</p><ul><li>Telling them that puberty is a normal part of growing up</li><li>Sharing&nbsp;facts to help them understand their changing bodies and feelings</li><li>Talking about your own puberty experiences when you were growing up</li></ul><p>As your kids get older, they may be less likely to ask you questions. So it’s a good idea for you to start conversations with them.</p>

The Basics: Bodies and Puberty

<h4>What if my child has questions about being a boy or girl?</h4><p>The important thing is to believe what your child tells you about their gender. What they say may surprise you, but remember that only your child knows how they really feel. Let them know you love them, and thank them for sharing this part of their life with you.</p><p>Some kids act or feel like they're a different gender than the sex that's listed on their birth certificate. For example, a child who was assigned male at birth may feel like a girl, not a boy. And some kids don't feel like a boy or a girl.</p><p>When kids act or feel like they're a different gender than their sex assigned at birth, it's sometimes called being "gender-diverse." Some kids may feel this way from very early on, while others may start to feel this way during puberty or as they get older.</p><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/gradeschool/Pages/Gender-Diverse-Transgender-Children.aspx?_label_=Get+more+tips+for+parenting+a+gender-diverse+child">Get more tips for parenting a gender-diverse child</a>.</p>

The Basics: Gender

<h4>How can I help my kids build healthy, respectful&nbsp;relationships?</h4><p>Start conversations about what healthy and respectful relationships look like. Talk with your child about what they should expect for themselves and others in their relationships with friends, as well as in romantic or sexual relationships.</p><p>Talk about the importance of respect in all relationships, including giving and receiving consent in dating or sexual relationships. And try to model healthy and respectful relationships for your child as much as possible. &nbsp;</p><p>Families have different expectations about when and how kids can start dating or having sexual relationships. Talk about your family expectations for healthy, respectful relationships <strong>before</strong> your child starts dating — and keep checking in with them often.</p><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/youth.gov/youth-topics/teen-dating-violence/characteristics?_label_=Learn+more+about+healthy+relationships">Learn more about healthy relationships</a>. You can also <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/kidshealth.org/en/teens/healthy-relationship.html?_label_=share+this+resource+about+healthy+relationships+with+your+kids">share this resource about healthy relationships with your kids</a>.</p><h4>Talk about different kinds of relationships, including relationships with opposite-sex and same-sex partners.</h4><p>When you talk about relationships and sex, don't assume your child is only interested in opposite-sex relationships. Some young people may be interested in same-sex relationships or identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual.&nbsp;And some may not be interested in sexual relationships at all — they may identify as asexual, for example.</p><p>It's important to let your child know that you love them and that you appreciate them sharing this part of their life with you. Young people who identify as lesbian, gay, and bisexual are less likely to be depressed if their parents are supportive. They’re also more likely to make healthy choices about sex and relationships.&nbsp; <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/protective/factsheets/parents_influence_lgb.htm?_label_=Find+out+how+you+can+support+a+lesbian%2C+gay%2C+bisexual%2C+or+transgender+child" id="anch_49">Find out how you can support a lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender child</a>.</p>

The Basics: Healthy, Respectful Relationships

<h4>What do I tell my child about preventing pregnancy and STIs?</h4><p>Make sure your kids have the facts they need to make healthy and informed decisions about their sexual health. This includes information about pregnancy and STIs like HIV and chlamydia.</p><p>Even if you don't think your child is having sex or in a dating or romantic relationship, talk with them about ways to prevent pregnancy and STIs.</p><p>Tell your child about different kinds of birth control. It's also important to make sure your child knows how to access and use condoms to prevent STIs —&nbsp;even if they're also using another method to prevent pregnancy.</p><p>Check out these resources to learn&nbsp;more:</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/hiv-and-other-stds/talk-your-teen-about-preventing-stds?_label_=Talk+with+Your+Teen+About+Preventing+STIs">Talk with Your Teen About Preventing STIs</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/everyday-healthy-living/sexual-health/choose-right-birth-control?_label_=Choose+the+Right+Birth+Control">Choose the Right Birth Control</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/kidshealth.org/en/parents/questions-sex.html?_label_=Answering+Questions+About+Sex">Answering Questions About Sex</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/http/kidshealth.org/parent/growth/sexual_health/about_bc.html?_label_=Birth+Control%3A+What+Parents+Need+to+Know" id="anch_56">Birth Control: What Parents Need to Know</a>&nbsp;</li></ul><h5>Ask your kids where they get information about relationships, sex, pregnancy, and STIs.</h5><p>Make sure you know where your child is getting health information. Some sources of information may be more medically accurate than others.&nbsp;</p><h5>Encourage your child to talk with their doctor about sexual health.</h5><p>Doctors can be a trustworthy source of information about relationships, sex, pregnancy, and STIs. Next time you bring your child for a doctor visit, ask if they’d like to spend a few minutes alone with the doctor to ask questions.&nbsp;</p><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/protective/factsheets/OneonOnetime_FactSheet.htm?_label_=Learn+why+one-on-one+time+with+their+doctor+is+important+for+teens">Learn why one-on-one time with their doctor is important for teens</a>.</p>

The Basics: Pregnancy and STIs

<p>Kids need information from adults they trust. Use these tips to start a conversation&nbsp;today.</p><h4>Talk early and often.</h4><p>Start having conversations about your values and expectations when your kids are young. That way, they'll&nbsp;get used to sharing information and opinions with you. This will make it easier for you to keep talking as they&nbsp;get&nbsp;older.</p><p>There are lots of ways to talk to kids about relationships and sex. Try having lots of little conversations instead of 1 big talk. And remember, if you’ve been putting it off, it’s never too late to start a conversation about sexual health.</p><p>Get tips on how to:</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/pages/Communication-Dos-and-Donts.aspx?_label_=Communicate+with+your+child">Communicate with your child</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/back-to-school/connecting-conversations.html?_label_=Connect+with+your+child+through+conversation">Connect with your child through conversation</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/protective/factsheets/talking_teens.htm?_label_=Talk+to+your+teen+about+sex+and+relationships" id="anch_61">Talk to your teen about sex and relationships</a></li></ul><h4>Start small.</h4><p>Try not to give your kids too much information at once. Give them time between conversations to think. They may come back later and ask questions.</p><h4>Practice active listening.</h4><p>Active listening is a way to show your kids that you're paying attention and trying to understand their thoughts and feelings. Try these tips:</p><ul><li>Nod your head and make eye contact to show that you're interested in what they have to say.</li><li>Repeat back what your child says in your own words. For example:&nbsp;“What I'm hearing&nbsp;is that you're feeling frustrated with our rules. You feel that you're old enough to make your own&nbsp;decisions.”</li></ul><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthychildren.org/English/family-life/family-dynamics/communication-discipline/Pages/Components-of-Good-Communication.aspx?_label_=Get+more+listening+tips+for+parents" id="anch_62">Get more listening tips for parents</a>.</p>

Take Action: Start Talking

<h4>Ask questions.</h4><p>Give your kids time and space to talk about their feelings and thoughts. Ask for their opinions. Be sure to listen, even if you don't agree.</p><p>Try asking questions like:</p><ul><li>Have you talked about puberty, sex, or relationships in health class? With friends? Do you have any questions?</li><li>When do you think it’s okay to start dating or having romantic relationships?</li><li>When do you think a person is ready to have sex?</li></ul><p>Always take your kids' values and opinions seriously. This shows that you respect what they have&nbsp;to say — and it can help them feel more comfortable talking to you.</p><h4>Be ready to answer questions.</h4><p>When your kids ask you questions, ask them what they think first. Their answers will tell you more about what they're asking and why. This also gives you time to think about your answer.</p><p>Do your best to answer questions honestly and correctly. If you don’t know the answer to a question, it's okay! You can say, “I’m not sure. Let’s look that up&nbsp;together.”</p><p>Keep in mind that kids get information about sex from lots of different sources, like friends, the internet, social media, and TV. They may get conflicting and inaccurate information, which can be confusing. That’s another reason why it’s important for you to answer questions as clearly and accurately as you can.</p>

Take Action: Ask and Answer Questions

<h4>Use media to start a conversation.</h4><p>Kids see and hear messages about relationships and sex every day in the media —&nbsp;like on TV, in music, and online. When something comes up in&nbsp;a social media post, TV show, or song, use it as an opportunity to start a conversation with your kids.</p><h4>Talk in the car or in the kitchen.</h4><p>It can sometimes be easier to talk about sex if you're doing something else at the same time. Try asking a question when you're driving or cooking dinner.</p><p>You can still show&nbsp;that you're listening by nodding your head or repeating what your child says to you.</p><h4>Be honest.</h4><p>It’s okay to feel embarrassed or uncomfortable. Be honest about how you're feeling. Remember, when you're honest with your kids, they're more likely to be honest with you.</p><h4>Talk with other parents.</h4><p>Keep in mind that you're not the only parent thinking about how to talk to kids about relationships and sex. Ask other parents how conversations with their kids are going. You may be able to get useful tips and ideas.</p><p>Talking to other parents is also a great way to learn more about the messages other kids are getting about relationships and sex.</p>

Take Action: Conversation Tips

Talk to Your Kids About Sex and Healthy Relationships

<p><span>HIV is the virus that can cause AIDS if it isn’t treated. If you have HIV, getting treatment early can help you live a long, healthy life.</span></p><p><span>The only way to know if you have HIV is to get tested. You could have HIV and still feel healthy.</span></p><h4>How often do I need to get&nbsp;tested for HIV?</h4><p><span>How often you need to get tested depends on your risk, but everyone ages 15 to 65 years needs to get tested for HIV at least once. All pregnant people also need to get tested. &nbsp;</span></p><p><span>There are certain behaviors that can raise your risk of HIV. Get tested at least once a year if you:</span></p><ul><li>Have sex with someone who has HIV</li><li><span>Use drugs with needles (not including drugs that a doctor or nurse prescribed for you)</span></li><li><span>Have sex in exchange for things, like drugs or money</span></li><li><span>Have another STI (sexually transmitted infection), also called STD (sexually transmitted disease)</span></li></ul><p><span>And if you’re a man who has sex with other men, you may need to get tested more often than once a year — like every 3 to 6 months. Talk to your doctor or nurse about what’s right for you.</span></p>

<h4>What is HIV?</h4><p><span>HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. If HIV isn’t treated, it can cause AIDS. There’s no cure yet for HIV, but there are treatments that can help people live long, healthy lives.</span></p><h5>How do people get HIV?</h5><p><span>HIV spreads through body&nbsp;fluids, like blood, semen (cum), vaginal fluids, and breast milk. HIV can pass from one person to another through:</span></p><ul><li><span>Having sex (vaginal or anal) with someone who has HIV, without using a condom the right way every time or taking medicines to prevent or treat HIV</span></li><li><span>Sharing needles with someone who has HIV</span></li><li><span>Pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding if the person has HIV</span></li></ul><p><span>Learn more about HIV and other STIs:</span></p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/about-hiv-and-aids/what-are-hiv-and-aids?_label_=%3Cspan%3EWhat+are+HIV+and+AIDS%3F%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>What are HIV and AIDS?</span></a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/hiv/risk/art/index.html?_label_=HIV+Treatment+as+Prevention">HIV Treatment as Prevention</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.womenshealth.gov/hiv-and-aids?_label_=Information+for+women+about+HIV+and+AIDS">Information for women about HIV and AIDS</a></li></ul>

The Basics: HIV

<h4>Why do I need to get tested for HIV?</h4><p><span>The only way to know if you have HIV is to get tested.&nbsp;Many people with HIV don’t have any symptoms. In the United States, about 1 in 7&nbsp;people who have HIV don't know they have&nbsp;it.</span></p><p><span>Once you’ve gotten tested for HIV:</span></p><ul><li><span>If you don’t have HIV, you can take steps to make sure you stay HIV-free</span></li><li><span>If you have HIV, you can take steps to have a healthier future — you can also take steps to protect other people</span></li></ul><h4>How can I get tested for HIV?</h4><p>You can get an HIV test at a doctor’s office, hospital, clinic, or community testing site — or you can test yourself at home or in another private place. There are different types of HIV tests. Some use a sample of your blood, and some use oral fluid. (Oral fluid contains cells from your mouth. It’s different from saliva.)&nbsp;</p><h4>How long does it take to get the test results?</h4><p>It depends on the type of HIV test you get.</p><ul><li>Lab test results could take anywhere from a day to more than a week</li><li>Rapid tests give results in 30 minutes or less</li><li>Self-tests (tests you can take at home or some other private place) can give results in 20 minutes</li></ul><p>If your test shows that you have HIV, you'll need a second HIV test to be sure. <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/hiv-testing/learn-about-hiv-testing/hiv-testing-overview?_label_=Find+out+more+about+the+different+types+of+HIV+tests">Find out more about the different types of HIV tests</a>.</p><h4>What’s the difference between confidential and anonymous testing?</h4><p>When you get tested at a doctor’s office or clinic, your test results are confidential. This means they can only be shared with people allowed to see your medical records.</p><p>If you're worried about giving your name, you can get an anonymous HIV test at some clinics. This means that you don’t have to give your name. <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/hiv-testing/learn-about-hiv-testing/understanding-hiv-test-results?_label_=Learn+more+about+confidential+and+anonymous+HIV+testing">Learn more about confidential and anonymous HIV testing</a>.</p>

The Basics: HIV Testing

<p>Take these steps to find out if you have HIV.</p><h4>Where can I get an HIV test?</h4><p><span>You can get an HIV test at your local health clinic, community HIV testing center, hospital, or health department. Your regular doctor can also test you for HIV. Or you can buy an HIV self-test online or at a pharmacy.</span></p><p><span>To find an HIV testing center near you:</span></p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/gettested.cdc.gov/?_label_=%3Cspan%3EEnter+your+ZIP+code+to+find+local+testing+sites%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Enter your ZIP code to find local testing sites</span></a></li><li><span>Call 1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636)</span></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/wwwn.cdc.gov/dcs/ContactUs/Form?_label_=%3Cspan%3EUse+this+online+form+to+email+CDC-INFO%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Use this online form to email CDC-INFO</span></a></li></ul><p><span>If you want to know more about HIV testing and prevention,&nbsp;talk to your doctor or nurse. </span><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/hiv-and-other-stds/hiv-testing-questions-doctor?_label_=%3Cspan%3EYou+can+take+this+list+of+questions+to+your+appointment%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>You can take this list of questions to your appointment</span></a><span>.</span></p><h5>What about cost?</h5><p><span>Free HIV testing is available at some testing centers and health clinics.</span></p><p><span>Under the Affordable Care Act, insurance plans must cover HIV testing for everyone ages 15 to 65 years — and for others who are at higher risk for HIV. The Affordable Care Act also requires insurance plans to cover HIV counseling for women. Depending on your insurance plan, you may be able to get HIV testing and counseling at no cost to you. Check with your insurance company to find out more.</span></p><p><span>Medicare may also cover HIV screening for certain groups at no cost. If you have Medicare, </span><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.medicare.gov/coverage/hiv-screenings?_label_=%3Cspan%3Elearn+about+Medicare+coverage+for+HIV+screening%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>learn about Medicare coverage for HIV screening</span></a><span>.</span></p><p><span>If you don’t have insurance, you may still be able to get free or low-cost HIV testing. </span><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/gettested.cdc.gov/?_label_=%3Cspan%3EFind+a+health+center+near+you+and+ask+about+HIV+testing%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Find a health center near you and ask about HIV testing</span></a><span>.</span></p><p><span>To learn more, check out these resources:</span></p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthcare.gov/coverage/preventive-care-benefits/?_label_=%3Cspan%3EFree+preventive+care+covered+by+the+Affordable+Care+Act%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Free preventive care covered by the Affordable Care Act</span></a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthcare.gov/health-care-law-protections/?_label_=%3Cspan%3EHow+the+Affordable+Care+Act+protects+you%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>How the Affordable Care Act protects you</span></a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/marketplace.cms.gov/technical-assistance-resources/c2c-roadmap.pdf?_label_=%3Cspan%3EUnderstanding+your+health+insurance+and+how+to+use+it+%5BPDF+-+698+KB%5D%3C%2Fspan%3E"><span>Understanding your health insurance and how to use it [PDF - 698 KB]</span></a></li></ul>

<p>If you have HIV, getting treatment can help you live a long, healthy life.</p><h4>Live longer with HIV by starting treatment right away.</h4><p>HIV is treated with medicines called <strong>antiretroviral therapy (ART)</strong>. People with HIV need ART for life. It’s important to start treatment for HIV as soon as you find out you have it — even if you don’t feel sick. The sooner you get care for HIV, the better.</p><ul><li>Find out about treatment options for HIV</li><li>Get information about lifelong medical care for HIV</li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/locator.hiv.gov/?_label_=Use+this+tool+to+find+services+for+people+with+HIV+or+AIDS">Use this tool to find services for people with HIV or AIDS</a>, like housing assistance, health centers, and counseling</li></ul><h4>Avoid passing HIV to others.</h4><p>Getting treatment for HIV can also help you stop the spread of HIV. One of the main goals of HIV treatment is to lower the amount of HIV in your body to an <strong>undetectable viral load</strong> — meaning a test can’t find any HIV in your body. This is called being virally suppressed.&nbsp;</p><p>You might hear the phrase undetectable=untransmittable, or U=U. That means that if you have an undetectable viral load, there’s no chance you can pass HIV to other people through sex.</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/hiv/prevention/?_label_=Find+out+what+steps+you+can+take+to+protect+others">Find out what steps you can take to protect others</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/hiv/risk/art/index.html?_label_=Learn+more+about+how+taking+HIV+medicine+can+help+you+reach+an+undetectable+viral+load">Learn more about how taking HIV medicine can help you reach an undetectable viral load</a></li><li>If you have HIV and you’re pregnant or thinking about getting pregnant, <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/hiv-prevention/reducing-mother-to-child-risk/preventing-mother-to-child-transmission-of-hiv?_label_=learn+how+to+prevent+passing+HIV+to+your+baby">learn how to prevent passing HIV to your baby</a></li></ul>

Take Action: Get Treatment If You Have HIV

<p>If you don’t have HIV, there are ways to lower your risk of getting it.</p><h4>Take steps to protect yourself from HIV.</h4><p>Today, there are more options than ever for protecting yourself from HIV — like taking medicine to lower your risk (called PrEP). Here are some other steps you can take to help protect yourself from getting HIV:</p><ul><li>Use a latex condom with water-based lubricant every time you have vaginal or anal sex. If you have a latex allergy, use plastic or rubber condoms. <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/hiv/prevention/condoms.html?_label_=Read+about+how+to+use+condoms">Read about how to use condoms</a>.</li><li>If you have sex without a condom, make sure your partner is HIV-free or has an undetectable viral load. <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/hiv/prevention/?_label_=Read+more+about+how+to+protect+yourself+during+sex">Read more about how to protect yourself during sex</a>.</li><li>Choose not to have sex. This is 1 way to know for sure that you won’t get HIV (or other STIs) through sex. <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/sti/prevention/?_label_=Read+about+ways+to+protect+yourself+from+STIs">Read about ways to protect yourself from STIs</a>.</li><li>Get tested for other STIs and get treatment if you need to. <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/sti/testing/?_label_=Learn+which+STI+tests+you+may+need">Learn which STI tests you may need</a>.</li><li>Don’t inject drugs or share needles or other injection equipment. <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/hiv/prevention/?_label_=If+you+do+inject+drugs%2C+check+out+these+safety+tips">If you do inject drugs, check out these safety tips</a>.</li></ul><h4>Take medicine to lower your risk of HIV.</h4><p>You can take a medicine called PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) every day to lower your risk of getting HIV. Some people think only men can take PrEP — but PrEP is for anyone who can benefit from it. Talk with your doctor to see if PrEP is right for you.&nbsp;</p><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/hiv-prevention/using-hiv-medication-to-reduce-risk/pre-exposure-prophylaxis?_label_=Learn+more+about+PrEP">Learn more about PrEP</a>.&nbsp;</p>

Take Action: Protect Yourself from HIV

<h4>Talk with your partner about getting tested for HIV.</h4><p>It’s important to make time to talk about HIV and other STIs before having sex. Ask your partner to get tested — or offer to get tested together.<br>Use these tips to start the conversation:</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/health-conditions/hiv-and-other-stds/std-testing-conversation-starters?_label_=STI+Testing%3A+Conversation+Starters">STI Testing: Conversation Starters</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/http/kidshealth.org/teen/sexual_health/stds/the_talk.html?_label_=For+Teens%3A+Talking+to+Your+Partner+About+STDs">For Teens: Talking to Your Partner About STDs</a></li></ul><h4>Get counseling about HIV prevention.</h4><p>If you want more information about preventing HIV, ask your local testing center if they offer prevention counseling. You may want counseling if:</p><ul><li>You're worried about getting HIV</li><li>You're interested in taking PrEP to reduce your risk of HIV</li><li>You have HIV and are worried about giving it to someone else</li></ul>

Get Tested for HIV

<p>Hepatitis B is a virus that spreads through infected blood or body fluids. For example, a person can get hepatitis B through sex, by injecting drugs, or by sharing equipment that has come into contact with blood — such as needles, syringes, and glucose monitors. Hepatitis B can also be passed to a baby during pregnancy or birth.&nbsp;</p><p>Some people who get hepatitis B recover from the infection. Others develop chronic (long-term) hepatitis B — a lifelong infection that can lead to liver disease, liver cancer, and even death.</p><p><span>The good news is, there are steps you and your family can take to protect yourselves from hepatitis B — like by getting the hepatitis B vaccine and getting tested for hepatitis B.</span></p><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-b/about/?_label_=Learn+more+about+hepatitis+B+symptoms%2C+testing%2C+and+treatment">Learn more about hepatitis B symptoms, testing, and treatment</a>.</p>

<h4>Who needs the hepatitis B vaccine?</h4><p>Getting a hepatitis B vaccine is the best way to prevent hepatitis B. You can help protect yourself and your family by making sure everyone who needs the hepatitis B vaccine gets it:</p><ul><li>Make sure your baby get the hepatitis B vaccine when they’re born</li><li>If you have babies or children age 18 years or younger who didn’t get the vaccine at birth, make sure they get it as soon as possible</li><li>Get the hepatitis B vaccine if you’re between ages 19 and 59 years and haven’t been vaccinated yet</li><li>Get the hepatitis B vaccine if you’re age 60 years or older and are at higher risk for hepatitis B infection — your doctor or nurse can help you understand your risk</li><li>If you’re age 60 years or older but <strong>not</strong> at higher risk, you can still choose to get a hepatitis B vaccine if you want one</li></ul><p>It’s also important to make sure you’ve had a hepatitis B vaccine before you travel to countries where hepatitis B is common. <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/list?_label_=Check+which+vaccines+are+recommended+for+your+destination">Check which vaccines are recommended for your destination</a>.</p><p>If you’re not sure whether you need to get the hepatitis B vaccine, talk with your doctor or nurse. You can also <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-b/vaccination/index.html?_label_=read+more+about+who+needs+to+get+the+hepatitis+B+vaccine">read more about who needs to get the hepatitis B vaccine</a>.</p>

The Basics: Hepatitis B Vaccines

<h4>Who needs to get tested for hepatitis B?</h4><p>All pregnant people need to get tested for hepatitis B at their first prenatal doctor visit for each pregnancy. <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-b/about/?_hash_=cdc_disease_basics_testing_screening-screening-testing-and-diagnosis&_label_=Learn+more+about+hepatitis+B+testing">Learn more about hepatitis B testing</a>.</p><p>Other people also need to get tested if they're at higher risk for hepatitis B. For example, you're at higher risk if you:&nbsp;</p><ul><li>Were born in a place where hepatitis B is common — like certain countries in Asia, South America, Africa, the Middle East, and the Caribbean</li><li>Have parents who were born in a place where hepatitis B is common</li><li>Use drugs with needles</li><li>Live with or have sex with someone who has hepatitis B</li><li>Are a man who has sex with men</li><li>Are taking medicine that weakens your immune system</li><li>Have been in jail or prison</li></ul><p>You’re also at higher risk if you have certain health conditions, including:</p><ul><li>HIV</li><li>Hepatitis C</li><li>Kidney failure</li><li>Chronic liver disease</li></ul><p>If you're concerned about hepatitis B, you can talk with your doctor about getting tested — whether or not you have any of these risk factors. Your doctor can help you decide what's right for you.</p>

The Basics: Testing

<h4><span>Is hepatitis B treatable?</span></h4><p>Yes. The treatment for hepatitis B depends on the type of infection. The 2 types of hepatitis B infection are acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term).</p><h5>Acute (short-term) hepatitis B</h5><p>When people first get infected with hepatitis B, it's called acute hepatitis B. For some adults, acute hepatitis B never becomes a chronic infection.</p><p>Some people with acute hepatitis B don't have any symptoms and don't need treatment. Others have mild symptoms that might feel like the flu. When symptoms happen, they usually last a few weeks — though they can last longer. It’s also possible for people with acute hepatitis B to get very sick and need to go to the hospital.</p><p>Children under 6 years who get acute hepatitis B are at high risk for developing chronic hepatitis B. That's why all babies need to get the hepatitis B vaccine.</p><h5>Chronic (long-term) hepatitis B</h5><p>Some people who get acute hepatitis B&nbsp;develop a chronic hepatitis B infection. This means the infection will never go away. People with chronic hepatitis B may need to take medicine to help stop the virus from causing liver damage.</p>

The Basics: Treatment

<p>Take these steps to help protect yourself and your family&nbsp;from hepatitis B.</p><h4>Get the hepatitis B vaccine.</h4><p>If you haven’t gotten the hepatitis B vaccine, talk with your doctor or nurse about getting vaccinated.</p><p><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/gettested.cdc.gov/?_label_=Use+this+locator+tool" id="anch_45">Use this locator tool</a>&nbsp;to find a health center where you can get the hepatitis B vaccine.</p><p>Keep in mind that if you’ve had hepatitis B in the past and recovered, you don’t need to get the vaccine.</p><h5>If you have children, make sure they get the hepatitis B vaccine.</h5><p>All babies need to get the hepatitis B vaccine. It’s usually given as a series of 3 or 4 shots, starting at birth.</p><p>Children and teens who didn’t get the shots as babies also need to get the hepatitis B vaccine. <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/myhealthfinder/topics/get-your-childs-shots-schedule?_label_=Read+more+about+getting+your+child%E2%80%99s+vaccines+on+schedule">Read more about getting your child’s vaccines on schedule</a>.</p>

Take Action: Get the Vaccine

<h4>Get tested for hepatitis B.</h4><p>Make sure to get tested for hepatitis B if you’re:</p><ul><li>Pregnant — Pregnant people should get tested for hepatitis B during each pregnancy.</li><li>At higher risk for hepatitis B infection</li></ul>

<h4>What about cost?</h4><p>Under the&nbsp;Affordable Care Act, health insurance plans must cover&nbsp;hepatitis B testing&nbsp;for:</p><ul><li>All pregnant women at their first prenatal visit</li><li>Teens and adults who are at high risk</li></ul><p>Plans must also cover the hepatitis B vaccine for all children and adults. Depending on your insurance plan, you may be able to get these services at no cost to you. Check with your insurance company to find out more.</p><p>Medicare may also cover hepatitis B vaccines and testing for certain people at no cost. <a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.medicare.gov/coverage?_label_=Use+this+tool+to+see+what+Medicare+covers">Use this tool to see what Medicare covers</a>.</p><p>If you don’t have insurance, you may still be able to get free or low-cost hepatitis B screenings and vaccines. You can:</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cdc.gov/vaccines/imz-managers/awardee-imz-websites.html?_label_=Call+your+state+health+department" id="anch_50">Call your state health department</a>&nbsp;to find a free or low-cost vaccination program</li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/http/findahealthcenter.hrsa.gov/index.html?_label_=Find+a+health+center+near+you" id="anch_51">Find a health center near you</a> and ask about hepatitis B screenings and vaccines</li></ul><p>Learn more about:</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthcare.gov/preventive-care-adults/?_label_=Free+preventive+care+for+adults+covered+by+the+Affordable+Care+Act">Free preventive care for adults covered by the Affordable Care Act</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.healthcare.gov/health-care-law-protections/?_label_=How+the+Affordable+Care+Act+protects+you">How the Affordable Care Act protects you</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/www.cms.gov/files/document/roadmap-better-care-english.pdf-0?_label_=Your+health+insurance+and+how+to+use+it+%5BPDF+-+1.9+MB%5D">Your health insurance and how to use it [PDF - 1.9 MB]</a></li></ul>

<p>Hepatitis B is very common in some parts of the world. If you're planning a trip to an area where lots of people have hepatitis B, follow some basic steps for safe travel:</p><ul><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/http/wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/see-doctor.htm?_label_=See+your+doctor+before+your+trip" id="anch_58">See your doctor before your trip</a>&nbsp;<span>—&nbsp;</span>ask if you need the hepatitis B vaccine or any other vaccines</li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/http/wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/list.htm?_label_=Use+this+tool+to+find+out+about+health+issues+that+are+common+in+other+countries" id="anch_59">Use this tool to find out about health issues that are common in other countries</a></li><li><a href="https://health.gov/myhealthfinder/api/outlink/topicsearch.json/https/wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/survival-guide?_label_=Get+more+tips+on+staying+healthy+when+you+travel" id="anch_60">Get more tips on staying healthy when you travel</a></li></ul>

Take Action: Travel Safely

Protect Yourself from Hepatitis B

<p>Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men in the United States. It’s more common in older men than younger men.</p><p>Depending on your age and other factors, your doctor may recommend getting screened (tested) for prostate cancer — like with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test.</p><p><strong>If you’re age 55 to 69 years:</strong></p><ul><li>The decision to get screened is a personal choice that you can make after talking with your doctor about the risks and benefits</li><li>You might decide that you’re okay with the risks of getting screened, or you might decide the risks aren't worth it</li><li>Together, you and your doctor can decide what's right for you</li></ul><p><strong>If you’re age 70 years or older:</strong></p><ul><li>Prostate screening isn't recommended because the risks outweigh the benefits for most people in this age group</li><li>This is true even if you’re at a higher risk for prostate cancer</li></ul><p>Many people have questions about prostate cancer screening. The information below can help you start a conversation with your doctor or nurse about the risks and benefits of screening.&nbsp;</p><h2>What is the prostate?</h2><p>The prostate is a gland that helps make semen (the fluid that carries sperm). It’s located below the bladder and in front of the rectum.</p><h2>Who's at risk for prostate cancer?</h2><p>Anyone with a prostate can get prostate cancer. But the risk is higher if you:</p><ul><li>Are age 50 years or older</li><li>Are African American</li><li>Have a father, brother, or son who had prostate cancer</li><li>Have mutations (changes) in genes called BRCA1 and BRCA2</li><li>Have certain inherited cancer syndromes, like Lynch syndrome</li></ul><h2>What are the risks and benefits of prostate cancer screening?</h2><p>Prostate cancer screening can find prostrate cancer early — when it’s easier to treat. But like all screening tests, prostate cancer screening can also have risks. Here are some things to consider when deciding whether to get screened:</p><ul><li>Many prostate cancers grow so slowly that men won't have symptoms or die from the cancer</li><li>Treatment for prostate cancer can cause problems like erectile dysfunction (impotence) or loss of bladder control</li><li>Prostate screening sometimes says you have cancer when you really don’t, and follow-up tests can cause problems like infections</li></ul><p><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/prostate/basic_info/screening.htm">Learn more about prostate cancer screening</a>.</p><h2>What do I ask the doctor?</h2><p>When you visit the doctor, it helps to have questions ready ahead of time. You can also ask a family member or friend to go with you to take notes.</p><p>Consider taking this list of questions to your next appointment.</p><ul><li>Am I at high risk for prostate cancer?</li><li>Are there things I can do to lower my risk for prostate cancer?</li><li>What are the risks and benefits of prostate cancer screening and treatment for me?</li><li>Are there any warning signs or symptoms of prostate cancer to look out for?</li><li>If the results of the screening test show that I might have prostate cancer, what are my options for diagnosis and treatment?</li></ul>

Prostate Cancer Screening: Questions for the Doctor

<p><span>Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI), also called a sexually transmitted disease (STD), that you can get during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. If you're pregnant and have syphilis, you can pass it to your baby.</span></p><p><span>If you’re sexually active, have an honest and open talk with your doctor or nurse. Ask them if you should get tested for syphilis or other STIs.&nbsp;</span></p><p><span>Get tested for syphilis if you:</span></p><ul><li><span>Are pregnant</span></li><li><span>Are a man who has sex with men</span></li><li><span>Are living with HIV (also called being HIV-positive) or another STI</span></li><li><span>Use drugs</span></li><li><span>Do sex work</span></li><li><span>Have ever been in prison</span></li></ul><p><span>Some people who get syphilis don't notice any symptoms. The only way to know if you have syphilis is to get tested.</span></p><p><span>If it's not treated, syphilis can lead to serious health problems —&nbsp;and even death. Medicine can cure syphilis, but it can't undo any damage that syphilis has already caused. That's why it's important to get tested regularly if you're at risk.</span></p><h2><span>What if I've had syphilis before?</span></h2><p><span>Being treated for syphilis once doesn't protect you from getting it again. It's possible to get syphilis again after you've been cured, so ask your doctor if you need to be tested again.</span></p><h2><span>What about cost?</span></h2><p><span>Under the Affordable Care Act, insurance plans must cover syphilis testing for adults at higher risk for syphilis and all pregnant people. Depending on your insurance plan, you may be able to get tested at no cost to you. Check with your insurance company to find out more.</span></p><h2><span>What do I ask the doctor?</span></h2><p>When you visit the doctor, it helps to have questions written down ahead of time. You can also ask a family member or friend to go with you to take notes.&nbsp;</p><p>Print this list of questions and take it with you to your appointment.</p><ul><li><span>Am I at risk for syphilis?</span></li><li><span>Do I need to get tested for syphilis?</span></li><li><span>How often do you recommend I get tested for syphilis?</span></li><li><span>What happens during the test?</span></li><li><span>How will I find out my test results?</span></li><li><span>When will I get my test results?</span></li><li><span>If I have syphilis, what will happen next?</span></li><li><span>Can you give me some information about syphilis to take home with me?</span></li></ul>

Testing for Syphilis: Questions for the Doctor

<p><span>HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. If you have HIV (also called being HIV-positive), early treatment can help you live a long, healthy life.</span></p><p><span>The only way to know if you have HIV is to get tested. Everyone ages 15 to 65 years needs to get tested for HIV at least once. All pregnant people also need to get tested. If you’re at higher risk for HIV, you may need to get tested more often.</span></p><p><span>Some people need to get tested more often. That’s because certain behaviors can raise your risk for HIV.</span></p><p><span>If you get tested at a doctor’s office or clinic, you can ask for a&nbsp;confidential&nbsp;test. This means the test results will only be available to people you allow&nbsp;to see your medical records. Some clinics offer&nbsp;anonymous&nbsp;HIV testing. This means that you don’t have to give your name.</span></p><h2>What do I ask the doctor?</h2><p>When you visit the doctor, it helps to have questions ready ahead of time. You can also ask a family member or friend to go with you to take notes.</p><p>Consider taking this list of questions to your next appointment.</p><ul><li><span>Should I get tested for HIV?</span></li><li><span>What can raise my risk for HIV?</span></li><li><span>How will you test me for HIV?</span></li><li><span>Who will see my test results?</span></li><li><span>How long will it take to get my test results?</span></li><li><span>How will I find out my results?</span></li><li><span>Should I get tested for any other STIs (sexually transmitted infections)?</span></li><li><span>If I have HIV, what will happen next?</span></li></ul><p><span>If you learn you don't have HIV during the visit, you might want to ask these questions.</span></p><ul><li><span>How can I protect myself from HIV?</span></li><li><span>When do I need to get tested again?</span></li><li><span>Does my sex partner still need to get tested for HIV?</span></li><li><span>Do you offer counseling on HIV prevention? If you don’t, can you recommend a place that does?</span></li></ul>

HIV Testing: Questions for the Doctor

<p>It might be hard to talk to a partner about getting tested for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), also called sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) — but it’s important to have the conversation. Chances are your partner will be glad you brought it up.</p><h2>Talk before you have sex.</h2><p>You can say:</p><ul><li>“Let’s get tested before we have sex. That way we can look out for each other."</li><li>“Many people who have an STI don't know it. Why take a chance when we can know for sure?”</li></ul><p>There are other things you may want to talk to a sex partner about. For example:</p><ul><li>Sexual history —&nbsp;like what type of protection you usually use&nbsp;(for example, condoms or dental dams) or the last time you got tested for STIs (including HIV)</li><li>Risk factors —&nbsp;like whether you’ve had sex without a condom or used drugs with needles</li></ul><h2>Share the facts.</h2><p>You can say:</p><ul><li>“Most STIs are easy to treat. And when they’re treated early, STIs are less likely to cause long-term health problems.”</li><li>“STI tests are quick, simple, and usually painless. For example, rapid HIV tests can provide results from just a swab inside the mouth in only 20 minutes."</li><li>"If you want to get tested at home, you can get an HIV home test or self-testing kits for other STIs."</li><li>"If you don't feel comfortable talking about STIs with your regular doctor, you can get tested at a clinic instead."&nbsp;</li></ul><h2>Show that you care.</h2><p>You can say:</p><ul><li>“I really care about you. I want to make sure we're both healthy.”</li><li>“I've been&nbsp;tested for STIs, including HIV. Are you willing to do that, too?”</li><li>“Let’s get tested together.”</li></ul><h2>Agree to stay safe.</h2><p>You can say:</p><ul><li>“If we’re going to have sex, using condoms is a good way to protect us both from STIs. Let’s use condoms every time we have sex.”</li><li>“We can enjoy sex more if we know it’s safe.”</li></ul>

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